Introduction
Agar aap stock market ya investment
mein interested hain, toh aapne "SEBI" ka naam zarur suna hoga. Lekin
SEBI kya hai, iska kaam kya hai, aur ye kyu banaya gaya — in sab sawalon ka
jawab har investor ko pata hona chahiye. Is article mein hum SEBI (Securities
and Exchange Board of India) ke baare mein puri detail mein samjhenge, woh bhi Hindi mein.
Yeh bhi padhe Stock market kya hai click karein.
SEBI Full Form Kya Hai?
SEBI ka full form hai Securities and Exchange Board of India.
Ye ek statutory regulatory body hai
jo ki India ke securities market ko regulate karta hai. Securities
market mein shares, bonds, mutual funds, derivatives, IPOs jaise investment
instruments aate hain.
SEBI
Ki Sthapna Kab Hui?
- SEBI ka formation hua tha 12 April 1988 ko as a non-statutory
body.
- Lekin SEBI ko statutory powers 1992 mein mili
jab Parliament ne SEBI Act, 1992 pass kiya.
SEBI
Banane Ki Jarurat Kyu Padi?
1990s se pehle India ka stock market
bina kisi proper regulatory authority ke chalta tha. Is wajah se:
- Insider trading badhti ja rahi thi
- Stock price manipulation common tha
- Investors ko protection nahi milti thi
- Companies apne accounts mein transparency nahi rakhti
thi
HarshadMehta Scam – Turning Point
1992 mein Harshad Mehta scam ne stock market ko hila kar rakh diya. Is scam mein Harshad
Mehta ne banks aur stock market loopholes ka use karke karib Rs. 4000 crore
ka fraud kiya.
Is scandal ne ye saabit kar diya ki
market ko control karne ke liye ek powerful aur independent regulator ki
jarurat hai.
Isi ke baad government ne SEBI ko full
legal power ke saath statutory body banaya.
SEBIKa Structure
SEBI ka headquarter Mumbai
mein hai. Iska structure kuch is prakar hai:
- Chairman
– Appointed by Government of India
- Two Members
– From Ministry of Finance
- One Member
– From RBI
- Five Other Members
– Appointed by Central Government
SEBI
Kaam Kya Karta Hai? (Functions of SEBI)
SEBI teen major stakeholders ke
interest protect karta hai:
- Investors
- Companies (Issuers)
- Market Intermediaries (like brokers)
SEBI
Ke Major Functions:
1.
Investor Protection:
- Fraud se bachav
- Transparent trading environment
- Investor education
2.
Market Regulation:
- Brokers, mutual funds, rating agencies ko regulate
karna
- Insider trading pe control
3.
Company Regulation:
- IPO guidelines set karna
- Listing requirements tay karna
4.
Development of Securities Market:
- Reforms lana
- Digitalization aur ease-of-investment promote karna
SEBI Ki Powers
SEBI ke paas wide-ranging powers
hain:
- Quasi-legislative:
Rules & regulations banana
- Quasi-judicial:
Investigation aur penalties lagana
- Quasi-executive:
Enforcement actions lena
Yeh powers SEBI ko ek autonomous
aur effective regulator banati hain.
SEBI
Ki Guidelines & Regulations
SEBI time to time naye rules banata
hai. Kuch important guidelines:
- Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements (LODR)
- Insider Trading Regulations
- Mutual Fund Regulations
- Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers (SAST)
SEBI
Vs RBI – Kya Difference Hai?
|
Particular |
SEBI |
RBI |
|
Full Form |
Securities and Exchange Board of
India |
Reserve Bank of India |
|
Sector |
Securities Market |
Banking & Monetary Policy |
|
Regulates |
Stocks, Mutual Funds, Brokers,
etc. |
Banks, Inflation, Currency, etc. |
SEBI Ka Stock Market Par Impact
SEBI ke reforms ke baad:
- Insider trading mein kami aayi hai
- Investors ka trust badha hai
- Companies aur brokers zyada responsible hue hain
- Market transparency aur efficiency mein growth hui hai
1992
Ke Pehle Aur Baad Ka Comparison
|
Point |
Pehle
SEBI (Before 1992) |
Baad
Mein SEBI (After 1992) |
|
Regulation |
Weak / Government Controlled |
Strong Independent Regulator |
|
Scams |
Frequent |
Strict monitoring |
|
Transparency |
Low |
High |
|
Investor Safety |
Negligible |
Strong mechanisms |
Yeh bhi Padhein Mutual Funds Vs Stock Market. Click karein.
FAQs
(Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1: SEBI ka headquarter kahan hai?
Mumbai, Maharashtra mein hai.
Q2: SEBI chairman kaun hota hai?
Chairman Government of India dwara appoint kiya jata hai.
Q3: Kya SEBI mutual funds ko
regulate karta hai?
Haan, SEBI mutual fund companies aur unke operations ko regulate karta hai.
Q4: Kya SEBI ke decisions final hote
hain?
SEBI ke decisions ko Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) mein challenge kiya ja
sakta hai.
Q5: Kya SEBI ke aane ke baad scam
band ho gaye?
Scams kam hue hain, par band nahi. Ab strict actions liye jate hain.
Conclusion
Aaj ke time mein SEBI ka role extremely
important hai. Investors, brokers, aur companies sabhi ke liye ek
transparent, secure aur fair environment banana SEBI ka main goal hai. Har
investor ko SEBI ke bare mein basic knowledge zarur honi chahiye, taaki wo
informed decisions le sake.
SEBI ke reforms aur strict actions
ne Indian stock market ko world-class standards tak pahucha diya hai.
Agar aapko ye article pasand aaya
ho, toh apne doston ke saath share karein aur apne vichar humein comment section bataye ya aap humein contect bhi kr sakte hai.
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